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Coagulación y Floculación en el Tratamiento de Agua: Guía Completa del Proceso

Diferencia entre Coagulación y Floculación

Aspecto Coagulación Floculación
Definición Desestabilización de coloides Agregación en flóculos grandes
Químicos PAC, alumbre, FeCl₃, PFS PAM, polyDADMAC
Mezcla Rápida (G=300-1000 s⁻¹) Lenta (G=20-80 s⁻¹)

Mecanismos de Coagulación

Compresión de Doble Capa: Los cationes multivalentes comprimen la capa eléctrica, reduciendo el potencial zeta.

Neutralización de Carga: Especies hidrolizadas se adsorben directamente en las partículas. El PAC pre-hidrolizado es particularmente efectivo.

Coagulación de Barrido: A dosis altas, precipitados de Al(OH)₃ arrastran partículas físicamente.

Selección de Coagulante

Coagulante Ideal Para Rango pH
PAC General; agua potable; agua fría 5.0-9.0
Alumbre Presupuesto limitado 6.5-8.0
PFS Alto color; industrial 4.0-11.0

HydroChemix ofrece soporte técnico completo para optimización de coagulación-floculación.

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